Internet Butcher

Hassan
Rouhani

Hassan Rouhani, the former President of Iran, left office in 2021, but the policies of his administration played a key role in laying the groundwork for digital repression and internet restrictions.

During his presidency, technical and legal infrastructure for greater control over cyberspace was expanded—most notably through the development of the National Information Network, a key tool for internet shutdowns and filtering during crises.

Although the Mahsa